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KaynakçaAjzen, I. (1977). Intuitive theories of events and the effects of base-rate information on prediction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 35(5), 303 – 314.
doi:10.1037//0022-3514.35.5.303Amir, G.S. ve Williams, J.S. (1999). Cultural influences on children’s probabilistic thinking. Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 18(1), 85-107.
doi:10.1016/S0732-3123(99)00018-8Augier, M. (2001). Sublime Simon: The consistent vision of economic psychology’s Nobel laurette. Journal of Economic Psychology, 22, 307-334.
doi:10.1016/S0167-4870(01)00036-8Bailey, J.R. (1997). Need for cognition and response mode in the active construction of an information domain. Journal of Economic Psychology, 18, 69-85.
doi:10.1016/S0167-4870(96)00047-5Bar – Hillel, M. (1974). Similarity and probability. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 11, 277 – 282.Başkent Üniversitesi (1999). Başkent Üniversitesi 1999 – 2000 yılı kataoloğu. Ankara: Başkent Üniversitesi.Batuhan, H. (1993). Bilim ve şarlatanlık. İstanbul: Yapı Kredi.Baudoin, J. (1993). Karl Popper. İstanbul: İletişim.
doi:10.1006/bcon.1993.1009Beate, S., Rudolph, U., ve Forsterling, F. (1998). What determines behavioral decisions ? Comparing the role of covariation information and attributions. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24(8), 838-854.Belsky, G. Ve Gilovichi T. (1999). Why smart people make big money mistakes and how to correct them. New York: Fireside.Bornstein, B.H., Emler, A.C. ve Chapman, G.B. (1999). Rationality in medical tratment decisions: Is there a sunk cost effect?
doi:10.1016/S0277-9536(99)00117-3Braman, O.R. (1999). Teaching peace to adults: Using critical thinking to improve conflict resolution. Adult Leaning, 102(2), 30 – 32.Browne, M.N. ve Meuti, M.D. (1999). Teaching how to teach critical thinking. College Student Journal, 33(2), 162-170.Camerer, C.F. ve Johnson, E.J. (1991). The process-performance paradox in expert judgment: How can experts know so much and predict so badly? K.A. Ericsson ve J. Smith (Ed) Toward a general theory of expertise: Prospects and limits. (s. 195 – 217) içinde. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Carroll, J.S. ve Siegler, R.S. (1977). Strategies for the use of base rate information. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 19, 392 – 402.
doi:10.1016/0030-5073(77)90072-1Celuch, K. ve Slama, M. (1999). Teaching critical thinking skills for the 21st century: An advertising principles case study. Journal of Education for Business, 74(3), 134-139.
doi:10.1080/08832329909601675Chaffee, J. (1994). Thinking critically. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
doi:10.1007/BF01581698Chase, V.M., Hertwig, R. ve Gigerenzer, G. (1998). Visions of rationality. Trends in cognitive science. 2(6), 206-214.
doi:10.1016/S1364-6613(98)01179-6Christensen – Szalanski, J.J.J. ve Beach, L.R. (1982). Experience and the base rate fallacy. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 29, 270 – 278.Christian Science Monitor (2001, 13 Eylül). Seeking safety in America. [WEB Dökümanı: http://csmonitor.com/2001/0913/p10s1-comv.htm].Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.Cohen, M. (1993). Making critical thinking a classroom reality. Political Science and Politics, 26(2), 241-244.
doi:10.2307/419838Cohen, M.S., Freeman, J.T. ve Wolf, S. (1996). Metarecognition in time-stressed decision making: Recognizing, critiquing, and correcting. Human Factors, 38(2), 206-219.
doi:10.1518/001872096779048020Connolly, T., Arkes, H.R. ve Hammond, K.R. (2000). Judgment and decision making. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Corvi, R. (1997). An introduction to the thought of Karl Popper. London: Routledge.Cosmides, L. ve Tooby, J. (1996). Are humans good intuitive statistician after all? Rethinking some conclusions from the literature on judgment under uncertainty. Cognition, 58, 1-73.
doi:10.1016/0010-0277(95)00664-8DeBondt, W.F.M. (1998). A portrait of individual investor. European Economic Review, 42, 831-844.
doi:10.1016/S0014-2921(98)00009-9de Bono, E. (1985). Altı şapkalı düşünme tekniği. İstanbul: Remzi Kitapevi.
doi:10.1093/brain/108.3.801-ade Bono, E. (1992). Serious creativity. London: HarperCollins.Dunbar, K. (2000). How scientist think in the real world: Implications for science education. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 21(1), 49-58.
doi:10.1016/S0193-3973(99)00050-7Edwards, W. (1954). The theory of decision making. Psychological Bulletin, 51(4), 380-417.
doi:10.1037/h0053870Elias, M.J. ve Kress, J.S. (1994). Social decision-making and life skills development: a critical thinking approach to health promotion in the middle school. Journal of School Health, 64(2), 62-66.
doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1994.tb06180.xFacione, P.A., Facione, N.C., ve Giancarlo, C.A.F. (1998). The California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory. California: Academic Press.Feyerabend, P. (1996). Yönteme karşı. İstanbul: Ayrıntı.
doi:10.2307/1576272Fischhoff, B., Slovic, P. ve Lichtenstein, S. (1977). Knowing with certainity: The appropriateness of extreme confidence. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 3, 552-564.
doi:10.1037//0096-1523.3.4.552Fiske, S.T. ve Taylor, S.E. (1991). Social cognition. New York: McGraw-Hill.Frost, P.J. (1997). Building bridges between critical theory and management education. Journal of Management Education, 21(3), 361-367.
doi:10.1177/105256299702100307Gadzella, B.M., ve Masten, W.G. (1998). Critical thinking and learning processes for students in two major fields. Journal of Instructional Psychology, 25(4), 256-261.
doi:10.2466/PR0.83.7.1248-1250Gibson, C. (1995). Critical thinking: Implications for instruction. RQ, 35(1), 29-35.Gigerenzer, G. (1991). From tools to theories: A heuristic of discovery in cognitive psychology. Psychological Review, 98(2), 254-267.
doi:10.1037//0033-295X.98.2.254Gigerenzer, G. (1996). On narrow norms and vague heuristics: A reply to Kahneman and Tversky (1996). Psychological Review, 103(3), 592-596.
doi:10.1037//0033-295X.103.3.592Gigerenzer, G. (2001). Content-blind norms, no norms, or good norms? A reply to Vronas. Cognition, 81, 93-103.
doi:10.1016/S0010-0277(00)00135-9Gigerenzer, G. ve Goldstein, D.G. (1996). Reasoning the fast and frugal way: Models of bounded rationality. Psychological Review, 103(4), 650-669.
doi:10.1037/0033-295X.103.4.650Gigerenzer, G., Hell, W., ve Blank, H. (1988). Presentation and content: The use of base rates as a continuous variable. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 14(3), 513-525.
doi:10.1037//0096-1523.14.3.513Gigerenzer, G., Hoffrage, U. Ve Kleinbölting, H. (1991). Probabilistic mental models: A Brunswikian theory of confidence. Psychological Review, 98(4), 506-528.
doi:10.1037//0033-295X.98.4.506Gigerenzer, G. ve Murray, D.J. (1987). Cognition as intiuitive statistics. New Jersey: Lawrence Earlbaum.Gigerenzer, G. Ve Todd, P.M. (1999). Fast and frugal heuristics: The adaptive toolbox. G. Gigerenzer, P.M. Todd ve Tne ABC Research Group (Eds), Simple heuristics that make us smart. New York: Oxford University Press.Gilovich, T. (1991). How we know what isn’t so. New York: The Free press.Ginosar, Z. ve Trope, Y. (1980). The effects of base rates and individuating information on judgments about another person. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 16, 228 – 242.
doi:10.1016/0022-1031(80)90066-9Goldstein, W.M. ve Hogarth, R.M. (1997). Judgment and decision research: Some historical context. W.M. Goldstein ve R.M. Hogart (Eds) Research on judgment and decision making: Currents, connections, and controversiesu (s. 4-65), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Goldstein, W.M. ve Hogarth, R.M. (1997). Research on judgment and decision making: Currents, connections, and controversies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Gülgöz, S. ve Sadowski, C.J. (1995). Turkish adaptation of the need for cognition scale and its correlation with performance measures. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 10(35), 15-24.Heider, F. (1958). The psychology of interpersonal relations. New York: Wiley.
doi:10.1037/10628-001Haas, P.F. ve Keeley, S.M. (1998). Coping with faculty resistance to teaching critical thinking. College Teaching, 46(2), 63-67.
doi:10.1080/87567559809596238Halonen, J. (1995). The critical thinking companion for introductory psychology. New York: Worth Publishers.
doi:10.1207/s15328023top2201_23Hertwig, R. ve Gigerenzer, G. (1999). The “conjunction fallacy” revisited: How intelligent inferences look like reasoning errors. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 12, 275-305.
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-0771(199912)12:4<275::AID-BDM323>3.3.CO;2-DHoefler, J.M. (1994). Critical thinking and the use of optical illusions. Political Science and Politics, 538-545.
doi:10.2307/420224Hooke, R. (1983). How to tell the liars from the statisticians. New York: Marcel Dekker.
doi:10.2307/2531369Hovardaoğlu, S. (1994). Davranış bilimleri için istatistik. Ankara: Hatiboğlu.
doi:10.1016/0261-3069(94)90116-3Huitt, W.G. (1992). Problem solving and decision making: Consideration of individual differences using the Myers – Briggs type indicator. Journal of Psychological Type, 24, 33-44.Jenkins, E.K. (1998). The significant role of critical thinking in predicting auditing students’ performance. Journal of Education for Business, 73(5), 274-279.
doi:10.1080/08832329809601644Johnson-Laird, P.N. ve Shafir, E. (1993). The interaction between reasoning and decision making: An introduction. Reasoning and Decision Making, 1-9.
doi:10.1016/0010-0277(93)90033-RJöreskog, K. ve Sörbom, D. (1996). LISREL 8: User’s reference guide. Chicago,IL: Scientific Software International.Kahneman, D., Slovic, P. ve Tversky, A. (1982). Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biasaes. New York: Cambridge University Press.Kahneman, D. ve Tversky, A. (1973). On the psychology of prediction. Psychological Review, 80, 237-251.
doi:10.1037/h0034747Ajzen, I. (1977). Intuitive theories of events and the effects of base-rate information on prediction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 35(5), 303 – 314.
doi:10.1037//0022-3514.35.5.303Amir, G.S. ve Williams, J.S. (1999). Cultural influences on children’s probabilistic thinking. Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 18(1), 85-107.
doi:10.1016/S0732-3123(99)00018-8Augier, M. (2001). Sublime Simon: The consistent vision of economic psychology’s Nobel laurette. Journal of Economic Psychology, 22, 307-334.
doi:10.1016/S0167-4870(01)00036-8Bailey, J.R. (1997). Need for cognition and response mode in the active construction of an information domain. Journal of Economic Psychology, 18, 69-85.
doi:10.1016/S0167-4870(96)00047-5Bar – Hillel, M. (1974). Similarity and probability. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 11, 277 – 282.Başkent Üniversitesi (1999). Başkent Üniversitesi 1999 – 2000 yılı kataoloğu. Ankara: Başkent Üniversitesi.Batuhan, H. (1993). Bilim ve şarlatanlık. İstanbul: Yapı Kredi.Baudoin, J. (1993). Karl Popper. İstanbul: İletişim.
doi:10.1006/bcon.1993.1009Beate, S., Rudolph, U., ve Forsterling, F. (1998). What determines behavioral decisions ? Comparing the role of covariation information and attributions. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24(8), 838-854.Belsky, G. Ve Gilovichi T. (1999). Why smart people make big money mistakes and how to correct them. New York: Fireside.Bornstein, B.H., Emler, A.C. ve Chapman, G.B. (1999). Rationality in medical tratment decisions: Is there a sunk cost effect?
doi:10.1016/S0277-9536(99)00117-3Braman, O.R. (1999). Teaching peace to adults: Using critical thinking to improve conflict resolution. Adult Leaning, 102(2), 30 – 32.Browne, M.N. ve Meuti, M.D. (1999). Teaching how to teach critical thinking. College Student Journal, 33(2), 162-170.Camerer, C.F. ve Johnson, E.J. (1991). The process-performance paradox in expert judgment: How can experts know so much and predict so badly? K.A. Ericsson ve J. Smith (Ed) Toward a general theory of expertise: Prospects and limits. (s. 195 – 217) içinde. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Carroll, J.S. ve Siegler, R.S. (1977). Strategies for the use of base rate information. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 19, 392 – 402.
doi:10.1016/0030-5073(77)90072-1Celuch, K. ve Slama, M. (1999). Teaching critical thinking skills for the 21st century: An advertising principles case study. Journal of Education for Business, 74(3), 134-139.
doi:10.1080/08832329909601675Chaffee, J. (1994). Thinking critically. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
doi:10.1007/BF01581698Chase, V.M., Hertwig, R. ve Gigerenzer, G. (1998). Visions of rationality. Trends in cognitive science. 2(6), 206-214.
doi:10.1016/S1364-6613(98)01179-6Christensen – Szalanski, J.J.J. ve Beach, L.R. (1982). Experience and the base rate fallacy. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 29, 270 – 278.Christian Science Monitor (2001, 13 Eylül). Seeking safety in America. [WEB Dökümanı: http://csmonitor.com/2001/0913/p10s1-comv.htm].Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.Cohen, M. (1993). Making critical thinking a classroom reality. Political Science and Politics, 26(2), 241-244.
doi:10.2307/419838Cohen, M.S., Freeman, J.T. ve Wolf, S. (1996). Metarecognition in time-stressed decision making: Recognizing, critiquing, and correcting. Human Factors, 38(2), 206-219.
doi:10.1518/001872096779048020Connolly, T., Arkes, H.R. ve Hammond, K.R. (2000). Judgment and decision making. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Corvi, R. (1997). An introduction to the thought of Karl Popper. London: Routledge.Cosmides, L. ve Tooby, J. (1996). Are humans good intuitive statistician after all? Rethinking some conclusions from the literature on judgment under uncertainty. Cognition, 58, 1-73.
doi:10.1016/0010-0277(95)00664-8DeBondt, W.F.M. (1998). A portrait of individual investor. European Economic Review, 42, 831-844.
doi:10.1016/S0014-2921(98)00009-9de Bono, E. (1985). Altı şapkalı düşünme tekniği. İstanbul: Remzi Kitapevi.
doi:10.1093/brain/108.3.801-ade Bono, E. (1992). Serious creativity. London: HarperCollins.Dunbar, K. (2000). How scientist think in the real world: Implications for science education. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 21(1), 49-58.
doi:10.1016/S0193-3973(99)00050-7Edwards, W. (1954). The theory of decision making. Psychological Bulletin, 51(4), 380-417.
doi:10.1037/h0053870Elias, M.J. ve Kress, J.S. (1994). Social decision-making and life skills development: a critical thinking approach to health promotion in the middle school. Journal of School Health, 64(2), 62-66.
doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1994.tb06180.xFacione, P.A., Facione, N.C., ve Giancarlo, C.A.F. (1998). The California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory. California: Academic Press.Feyerabend, P. (1996). Yönteme karşı. İstanbul: Ayrıntı.
doi:10.2307/1576272Fischhoff, B., Slovic, P. ve Lichtenstein, S. (1977). Knowing with certainity: The appropriateness of extreme confidence. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 3, 552-564.
doi:10.1037//0096-1523.3.4.552Fiske, S.T. ve Taylor, S.E. (1991). Social cognition. New York: McGraw-Hill.Frost, P.J. (1997). Building bridges between critical theory and management education. Journal of Management Education, 21(3), 361-367.
doi:10.1177/105256299702100307Gadzella, B.M., ve Masten, W.G. (1998). Critical thinking and learning processes for students in two major fields. Journal of Instructional Psychology, 25(4), 256-261.
doi:10.2466/PR0.83.7.1248-1250Gibson, C. (1995). Critical thinking: Implications for instruction. RQ, 35(1), 29-35.Gigerenzer, G. (1991). From tools to theories: A heuristic of discovery in cognitive psychology. Psychological Review, 98(2), 254-267.
doi:10.1037//0033-295X.98.2.254Gigerenzer, G. (1996). On narrow norms and vague heuristics: A reply to Kahneman and Tversky (1996). Psychological Review, 103(3), 592-596.
doi:10.1037//0033-295X.103.3.592Gigerenzer, G. (2001). Content-blind norms, no norms, or good norms? A reply to Vronas. Cognition, 81, 93-103.
doi:10.1016/S0010-0277(00)00135-9Gigerenzer, G. ve Goldstein, D.G. (1996). Reasoning the fast and frugal way: Models of bounded rationality. Psychological Review, 103(4), 650-669.
doi:10.1037/0033-295X.103.4.650Gigerenzer, G., Hell, W., ve Blank, H. (1988). Presentation and content: The use of base rates as a continuous variable. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 14(3), 513-525.
doi:10.1037//0096-1523.14.3.513Gigerenzer, G., Hoffrage, U. Ve Kleinbölting, H. (1991). Probabilistic mental models: A Brunswikian theory of confidence. Psychological Review, 98(4), 506-528.
doi:10.1037//0033-295X.98.4.506Gigerenzer, G. ve Murray, D.J. (1987). Cognition as intiuitive statistics. New Jersey: Lawrence Earlbaum.Gigerenzer, G. Ve Todd, P.M. (1999). Fast and frugal heuristics: The adaptive toolbox. G. Gigerenzer, P.M. Todd ve Tne ABC Research Group (Eds), Simple heuristics that make us smart. New York: Oxford University Press.Gilovich, T. (1991). How we know what isn’t so. New York: The Free press.Ginosar, Z. ve Trope, Y. (1980). The effects of base rates and individuating information on judgments about another person. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 16, 228 – 242.
doi:10.1016/0022-1031(80)90066-9Goldstein, W.M. ve Hogarth, R.M. (1997). Judgment and decision research: Some historical context. W.M. Goldstein ve R.M. Hogart (Eds) Research on judgment and decision making: Currents, connections, and controversiesu (s. 4-65), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Goldstein, W.M. ve Hogarth, R.M. (1997). Research on judgment and decision making: Currents, connections, and controversies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Gülgöz, S. ve Sadowski, C.J. (1995). Turkish adaptation of the need for cognition scale and its correlation with performance measures. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 10(35), 15-24.Heider, F. (1958). The psychology of interpersonal relations. New York: Wiley.
doi:10.1037/10628-001Haas, P.F. ve Keeley, S.M. (1998). Coping with faculty resistance to teaching critical thinking. College Teaching, 46(2), 63-67.
doi:10.1080/87567559809596238Halonen, J. (1995). The critical thinking companion for introductory psychology. New York: Worth Publishers.
doi:10.1207/s15328023top2201_23Hertwig, R. ve Gigerenzer, G. (1999). The “conjunction fallacy” revisited: How intelligent inferences look like reasoning errors. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 12, 275-305.
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-0771(199912)12:4<275::AID-BDM323>3.3.CO;2-DHoefler, J.M. (1994). Critical thinking and the use of optical illusions. Political Science and Politics, 538-545.
doi:10.2307/420224Hooke, R. (1983). How to tell the liars from the statisticians. New York: Marcel Dekker.
doi:10.2307/2531369Hovardaoğlu, S. (1994). Davranış bilimleri için istatistik. Ankara: Hatiboğlu.
doi:10.1016/0261-3069(94)90116-3Huitt, W.G. (1992). Problem solving and decision making: Consideration of individual differences using the Myers – Briggs type indicator. Journal of Psychological Type, 24, 33-44.Jenkins, E.K. (1998). The significant role of critical thinking in predicting auditing students’ performance. Journal of Education for Business, 73(5), 274-279.
doi:10.1080/08832329809601644Johnson-Laird, P.N. ve Shafir, E. (1993). The interaction between reasoning and decision making: An introduction. Reasoning and Decision Making, 1-9.
doi:10.1016/0010-0277(93)90033-RJöreskog, K. ve Sörbom, D. (1996). LISREL 8: User’s reference guide. Chicago,IL: Scientific Software International.Kahneman, D., Slovic, P. ve Tversky, A. (1982). Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biasaes. New York: Cambridge University Press.Kahneman, D. ve Tversky, A. (1973). On the psychology of prediction. Psychological Review, 80, 237-251.
doi:10.1037/h0034747
